Noun clause
Definition:
A dependent clause that functions as a noun (that is, as a subject,object, or complement) within a sentence. Also known as a nominal
clause.Two common types of noun clause in English are that-clauses
andwh-clauses:
·
that-clause:
I believe that everything happens
for a reason.
·
wh-clause:
How do I know what I think, until
I seewhat I say?
See also:
Examples and Observations:
·
"When
Mrs. Frederick C. Little's second son arrived, everybody noticed that he was not much bigger than a
mouse."(E.B. White, Stuart
Little, 1945)
·
"I
know that there are things that
never have been funny, and never will be. And I know that ridicule may be a shield, but it
is not a weapon."
(Dorothy Parker)
(Dorothy Parker)
"I believe that
there is a subtle magnetism in Nature, which, if we unconsciously yield
to it, will direct us aright." (Henry David Thoreau) "Whoever was the person behind Stonehenge was
one dickens of a motivator, I'll tell you that." (Bill Bryson, Notes
From a Small Island
(Christina Baldwin)
(Christina Baldwin)
- "This
is the story of what a Woman's patience can endure,
and of what a Man's resolution can achieve."
(Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White, 1859) - "That dogs, low-comedy confederates of
small children and ragged bachelors, should have turned into an emblem of
having made it to the middle class--like the hibachi, like golf clubs and
a second car--seems at the very least incongruous."
(Edward Hoagland, "Dogs, and the Tug of Life"). - "All
sentences, then, are clauses, but not all clauses are sentences. In the following
sentences, for example, the direct
object slot
contains a clause rather than a noun
phrase. These are examples of nominal clauses (sometimes called 'noun
clauses'):
I know that the students studied their assignment.
I wonder what is making Tracy
These nominal clauses are
examples of dependent clauses--in contrast to independent
clauses, those clauses that function as complete sentences."
(Martha Kolln and Robert Funk, Understanding English Grammar, 5th ed., Allyn and Bacon, 1998).
(Martha Kolln and Robert Funk, Understanding English Grammar, 5th ed., Allyn and Bacon, 1998).
·
"I
have run, I have crawled, I have scaled these city walls, These city walls
Only to be with you, Only to be with you. But I still haven't found what I'm looking for." (written and performed by U2, "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For," The Joshua Tree, 1987)
Only to be with you, Only to be with you. But I still haven't found what I'm looking for." (written and performed by U2, "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For," The Joshua Tree, 1987)
Also Known As: nominal clause
Working With Clauses
Functions of a Noun
Types of Objects
Related
Articles
EXERCISE
Find out the noun clauses in the
following sentence and state what purpose they serve.
1. the king ordered that the
traitor should be putto death.
2. he said that he would not go.
3. that he is not interested in
the offer is known to us.
4. he said that he was not
feeling well.
5. I cannot rely on what he says.
ANSWER
1. here the noun clauses ‘that
the traitor should be put to death’ is that object of the verb ordered
2. here the noun clause ‘that he
would not go’ is the object of thec verb said.
3. here the noun clause ‘that he
is not interested in the offer’ is the subject of the verb is.
4. here the noun clause ‘that was
not feeling well’ is the object of the verb said.
5. here the noun clause ‘what he
says’ is the object of the preposition on.
Source:
CONJUCTION
From Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia
Conjunction is
a term used in positional
astronomy and astrology. It means that, as seen from some place (usually the Earth), two
celestial bodies appear near one another in the sky. The event is also
sometimes known as an appulse.
PASSING CLOSE
More
generally, in the particular case of two planets,
it means that they merely have the same right ascension (and hence the same hour angle). This is called conjunction in right ascension. However, there is also the term
conjunction in ecliptical longitude. At such conjunction both objects have the
same ecliptical longitude. Conjunction in right ascension and conjunction in
ecliptical longitude do not normally take place at the same time, but in most
cases nearly at the same time. However, at triple
conjunctions, it is possible that a
conjunction only in right ascension (or ecliptical length) occur. At the time
of conjunction - it does not matter if in right ascension or in ecliptical
longitude - the involved planets are close together upon the celestial sphere. In the vast majority of such cases, one of the
planets will appear to pass north or south of the other.
PASSING CLOSER
However, if two celestial bodies attain the same declination at the time of a conjunction in right ascension (or the same ecliptical latitude at a
conjunction in ecliptical longitude), the one that is closer to the Earth will
pass in front of the other. In such a case, a syzygy takes place. If one object moves into the
shadow of another, the event is an eclipse. For example, if the Moon passes into the
shadow of Earth and disappears from view, this event is called a lunar eclipse.
If the visible disk of the nearer object
is considerably smaller than that of the farther object, the event is called a transit. When Mercury passes in front of the Sun,
it is a transit
of Mercury, and when
Venus passes in front of the Sun, it is a transit of Venus. When the nearer object appears larger
than the farther one, it will completely obscure its smaller companion; this is
called an occultation. An example of an occultation is when the
Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, causing the Sun to disappear either
entirely or partially. This phenomenon is commonly known as a solar eclipse (though the term is a misnomer).
Occultations in which the larger body is neither the Sun nor the Moon are very
rare. More frequent, however, is an occultation of a planet by the Moon.
Several such events are visible every year from various places on Earth.
POSITION OF THE OBSERVER
The term conjunction primarily
refers to a phenomenon defined only for the position of the observer, not just
to a celestial relationship. However, e.g. for moon and sun observed from the
earth, conjunction as a classifying term may apply both to the positions of
conjunction (both sun and moon observed jointly in one direction or with
similar ecliptical longitude) and to opposition (both sun and moon observed
separately in opposite directions or with ecliptical longitude 180 degrees
apart).
As seen from a planet that is superior, if an inferior planet
is on the opposite side of the Sun, it is in superior
conjunction with the Sun. An inferior conjunction occurs when the two planets lie in a line on
the same side of the Sun. In an inferior
conjunction, the superior planet is "in opposition" to the Sun as seen from
the inferior planet.
The terms "inferior conjunction" and
"superior conjunction" are used in particular for the planets Mercury andVenus, which are inferior planets as seen from the Earth. However, this
definition can be applied to any pair of planets, as seen from the one farther
from the Sun.
A planet (or asteroid or comet) is simply said to
be in conjunction, when it is in conjunction with the Sun, as seen from the
Earth. The Moon is in conjunction with the Sun at New Moon (or rather Dark Moon).
"Quasi-conjunctions" are also possible; in this
scenario, a planet in retrograde motion — always either Mercuryor Venus — will "drop back" in right
ascension until it almost allows another planet to overtake it, but then the
former planet will resume its forward motion and thereafter appear to draw away
from it again. This will occur in the morning sky, before dawn; or the reverse
may happen in the evening sky after dusk, with Mercury or Venus entering
retrograde motion just as it is about to overtake another planet (often Mercury and Venus are both of the planets involved, and when this
situation arises they may remain in very close visual proximity for several
days or even longer). The quasi-conjunction is reckoned as occurring at the
time the distance in right ascension between the two planets is smallest, even
though, when declination is taken into account, they may appear closer together
shortly before or after this.
Source:
exercize:
1. ( since / when/ after ) i was young, i have been staying in the village.
2. (while / until/ since) Bob was reading a book, sam was playing computer games.
3. you will be punish ( before / as / until) you were late
4. you can have the salad ( before / until/ since ) you take your dinner will be served later.
1. ( since / when/ after ) i was young, i have been staying in the village.
2. (while / until/ since) Bob was reading a book, sam was playing computer games.
3. you will be punish ( before / as / until) you were late
4. you can have the salad ( before / until/ since ) you take your dinner will be served later.
answer:
1. when
2. while
3. as
4. since
2. while
3. as
4. since
Source:
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